Day 2 — Linux System Architecture¶
Goal¶
Understand the basic architecture of a Linux system.
Linux Architecture¶
A Linux system can be divided into three layers:
+----------------------+
| User Space |
| App / Shell / Tool |
+----------------------+
| Kernel |
| Drivers / Scheduler |
+----------------------+
| Hardware |
| CPU / RAM / Device |
+----------------------+
Kernel Responsibilities¶
- Process scheduling
- Memory management
- Device drivers
- File system
- Networking stack
System Calls¶
User applications cannot directly access hardware.
Instead, they interact with the kernel using system calls.
Examples:
Example:
Everything is a File¶
In Linux, many devices are represented as files.
Examples:
Lab¶
Kernel Version¶
Command:
Output:
Linux cw-raspberrypi 6.12.47+rpt-rpi-2712 #1 SMP PREEMPT Debian 1:6.12.47-1+rpt1 (2025-09-16) aarch64 GNU/Linux
CPU Info¶
Command:
Output:
processor : 0
BogoMIPS : 108.00
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x4
CPU part : 0xd0b
CPU revision : 1
processor : 1
BogoMIPS : 108.00
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x4
CPU part : 0xd0b
CPU revision : 1
processor : 2
BogoMIPS : 108.00
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x4
CPU part : 0xd0b
CPU revision : 1
processor : 3
BogoMIPS : 108.00
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x4
CPU part : 0xd0b
CPU revision : 1
Revision : c04171
Serial : f9ecd2a48110c0c1
Model : Raspberry Pi 5 Model B Rev 1.
Notes:
- CPU model: Raspberry Pi 5 Model B Rev 1
- cores: 4
Device List¶
Command:
Output:
autofs gpiochip13 loop4 ptmx rfkill tty17 tty35 tty53 urandom vcsu2 video30
block gpiochip4 loop5 ptp0 rtc tty18 tty36 tty54 v4l vcsu3 video31
btrfs-control gpiomem0 loop6 pts rtc0 tty19 tty37 tty55 vcio vcsu4 video32
bus gpiomem1 loop7 ram0 serial0 tty2 tty38 tty56 vc-mem vcsu5 video33
cec0 gpiomem2 loop-control ram1 shm tty20 tty39 tty57 vcs vcsu6 video34
cec1 gpiomem3 mapper ram10 snd tty21 tty4 tty58 vcs1 vga_arbiter video35
char gpiomem4 media0 ram11 spidev10.0 tty22 tty40 tty59 vcs2 vhci watchdog
console hwrng media1 ram12 stderr tty23 tty41 tty6 vcs3 vhost-net watchdog0
cpu_dma_latency i2c-1 media2 ram13 stdin tty24 tty42 tty60 vcs4 vhost-vsock zero
cuse i2c-13 mem ram14 stdout tty25 tty43 tty61 vcs5 video19 zram0
disk i2c-14 mmcblk0 ram15 tty tty26 tty44 tty62 vcs6 video20
dma_heap initctl mmcblk0p1 ram2 tty0 tty27 tty45 tty63 vcsa video21
dri input mmcblk0p2 ram3 tty1 tty28 tty46 tty7 vcsa1 video22
fd kmsg mqueue ram4 tty10 tty29 tty47 tty8 vcsa2 video23
full kvm net ram5 tty11 tty3 tty48 tty9 vcsa3 video24
fuse log null ram6 tty12 tty30 tty49 ttyAMA10 vcsa4 video25
gpiochip0 loop0 pio0 ram7 tty13 tty31 tty5 ttyprintk vcsa5 video26
gpiochip10 loop1 port ram8 tty14 tty32 tty50 udmabuf vcsa6 video27
gpiochip11 loop2 ppp ram9 tty15 tty33 tty51 uhid vcsu video28
gpiochip12 loop3 pps0 random tty16 tty34 tty52 uinput vcsu1 video29
Find:
- UART device:
serial0,ttyAMA10 - I2C device:
i2c-1,i2c-13,i2c-14 - SPI device:
spidev10.0
Kernel Log¶
Command:
Output:
[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x414fd0b1]
[ 0.000000] Linux version 6.12.47+rpt-rpi-2712 (serge@raspberrypi.com) (aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc-14 (Debian 14.2.0-19) 14.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.44) #1 SMP PREEMPT Debian 1:6.12.47-1+rpt1 (2025-09-16)
[ 0.000000] KASLR enabled
[ 0.000000] random: crng init done
[ 0.000000] Machine model: Raspberry Pi 5 Model B Rev 1.1
[ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.
[ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created CMA memory pool at 0x000000003a000000, size 64 MiB
[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node linux,cma, compatible id shared-dma-pool
[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000003a000000..0x000000003dffffff (65536 KiB) map reusable linux,cma
[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000000000000..0x000000000007ffff (512 KiB) nomap non-reusable atf@0
[ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000003fd235c0..0x000000003fd235fd (0 KiB) nomap non-reusable nvram@0
[ 0.000000] NUMA: Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Faking node 0 at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000001fffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] Faking node 1 at [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x000000003fffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] Faking node 2 at [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000005fffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] Faking node 3 at [mem 0x0000000060000000-0x000000007fffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] Faking node 4 at [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x000000009fffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] Faking node 5 at [mem 0x00000000a0000000-0x00000000bfffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] Faking node 6 at [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000000dfffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] Faking node 7 at [mem 0x00000000e0000000-0x00000000ffffffff] (512MB)
[ 0.000000] NUMA: Initialized distance table, cnt=8
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0x1fffd200-0x1fffffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(1) allocated [mem 0x3fbfd200-0x3fbfffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(2) allocated [mem 0x5fffd200-0x5fffffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(3) allocated [mem 0x7fffd200-0x7fffffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(4) allocated [mem 0x9fffd200-0x9fffffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(5) allocated [mem 0xbfffd200-0xbfffffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(6) allocated [mem 0xdfffd200-0xdfffffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(7) allocated [mem 0xffd9c2c0-0xffd9f0bf]
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] DMA32 empty
[ 0.000000] Normal empty
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000007ffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000080000-0x000000001fffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 1: [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x000000003fbfffff]
[ 0.000000] node 2: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000005fffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 3: [mem 0x0000000060000000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 4: [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x000000009fffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 5: [mem 0x00000000a0000000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 6: [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000000dfffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 7: [mem 0x00000000e0000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000001fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 1 [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x000000003fbfffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 2 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000005fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 3 [mem 0x0000000060000000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 4 [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x000000009fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 5 [mem 0x00000000a0000000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 6 [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000000dfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 7 [mem 0x00000000e0000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] On node 2, zone DMA: 256 pages in unavailable ranges
[ 0.000000] psci: probing for conduit method from DT.
[ 0.000000] psci: PSCIv1.1 detected in firmware.
[ 0.000000] psci: Using standard PSCI v0.2 function IDs
[ 0.000000] psci: MIGRATE_INFO_TYPE not supported.
[ 0.000000] psci: SMC Calling Convention v1.2
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 15 pages/cpu s193560 r8192 d44008 u245760
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s193560 r8192 d44008 u245760 alloc=15*16384
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0 [0] 1 [0] 2 [0] 3
[ 0.000000] Detected PIPT I-cache on CPU0
[ 0.000000] CPU features: detected: Virtualization Host Extensions
[ 0.000000] CPU features: detected: Spectre-v4
[ 0.000000] CPU features: detected: Spectre-BHB
[ 0.000000] CPU features: kernel page table isolation forced ON by KASLR
[ 0.000000] CPU features: detected: Kernel page table isolation (KPTI)
[ 0.000000] CPU features: detected: SSBS not fully self-synchronizing
[ 0.000000] alternatives: applying boot alternatives
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: reboot=w coherent_pool=1M 8250.nr_uarts=1 pci=pcie_bus_safe cgroup_disable=memory numa_policy=interleave nvme.max_host_mem_size_mb=0 numa=fake=8 system_heap.max_order=0 iommu_dma_numa_policy=interleave smsc95xx.macaddr=88:A2:9E:BF:5C:4C vc_mem.mem_base=0x3fc00000 vc_mem.mem_size=0x40000000 console=ttyAMA10,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=be722d08-02 rootfstype=ext4 fsck.repair=yes rootwait cfg80211.ieee80211_regdom=TW
[ 0.000000] cgroup: Disabling memory control group subsystem
[ 0.000000] mempolicy: NUMA default policy overridden to 'interleave:0-7'
[ 0.000000] DMA IOMMU NUMA default policy overridden to 'interleave:0-7'
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 0: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 1: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 2: 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 3: 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 4: 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 5: 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 6: 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5
[ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 7: 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
[ 0.000000] Built 8 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 261888
[ 0.000000] Policy zone: DMA
[ 0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:all(zero), heap alloc:off, heap free:off
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=8
[ 0.000000] ftrace: allocating 45279 entries in 45 pages
[ 0.000000] ftrace: allocated 45 pages with 4 groups
[ 0.000000] rcu: Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU event tracing is enabled.
[ 0.000000] Trampoline variant of Tasks RCU enabled.
[ 0.000000] Rude variant of Tasks RCU enabled.
[ 0.000000] Tracing variant of Tasks RCU enabled.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 25 jiffies.
[ 0.000000] RCU Tasks: Setting shift to 2 and lim to 1 rcu_task_cb_adjust=1 rcu_task_cpu_ids=4.
[ 0.000000] RCU Tasks Rude: Setting shift to 2 and lim to 1 rcu_task_cb_adjust=1 rcu_task_cpu_ids=4.
[ 0.000000] RCU Tasks Trace: Setting shift to 2 and lim to 1 rcu_task_cb_adjust=1 rcu_task_cpu_ids=4.
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 64, nr_irqs: 64, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] Root IRQ handler: gic_handle_irq
[ 0.000000] GIC: Using split EOI/Deactivate mode
[ 0.000000] rcu: srcu_init: Setting srcu_struct sizes based on contention.
[ 0.000000] arch_timer: cp15 timer(s) running at 54.00MHz (phys).
[ 0.000000] clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0xc743ce346, max_idle_ns: 440795203123 ns
[ 0.000000] sched_clock: 56 bits at 54MHz, resolution 18ns, wraps every 4398046511102ns
[ 0.000092] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[ 0.000096] printk: legacy console [tty1] enabled
[ 0.000298] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 108.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=216000)
[ 0.000305] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.000395] LSM: initializing lsm=capability
[ 0.001136] Dentry cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 8, 4194304 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 0.001506] Inode-cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 7, 2097152 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 0.001542] Mount-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 2, 65536 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 0.001554] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 2, 65536 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 0.002264] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.002274] rcu: Max phase no-delay instances is 1000.
[ 0.002317] Timer migration: 1 hierarchy levels; 8 children per group; 0 crossnode level
[ 0.002661] EFI services will not be available.
[ 0.002734] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[ 0.002918] Detected PIPT I-cache on CPU1
[ 0.002956] CPU1: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000100 [0x414fd0b1]
[ 0.003170] Detected PIPT I-cache on CPU2
[ 0.003199] CPU2: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000200 [0x414fd0b1]
[ 0.003399] Detected PIPT I-cache on CPU3
[ 0.003419] CPU3: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000300 [0x414fd0b1]
[ 0.003447] smp: Brought up 8 nodes, 4 CPUs
[ 0.003461] SMP: Total of 4 processors activated.
[ 0.003464] CPU: All CPU(s) started at EL2
[ 0.003467] CPU features: detected: 32-bit EL0 Support
[ 0.003470] CPU features: detected: Data cache clean to the PoU not required for I/D coherence
[ 0.003474] CPU features: detected: Common not Private translations
[ 0.003476] CPU features: detected: CRC32 instructions
[ 0.003480] CPU features: detected: RCpc load-acquire (LDAPR)
[ 0.003483] CPU features: detected: LSE atomic instructions
[ 0.003485] CPU features: detected: Privileged Access Never
[ 0.003487] CPU features: detected: RAS Extension Support
[ 0.003491] CPU features: detected: Speculative Store Bypassing Safe (SSBS)
[ 0.003515] alternatives: applying system-wide alternatives
[ 0.004988] CPU features: detected: Hardware dirty bit management on CPU0-3
[ 0.005168] Memory: 4039456K/4190208K available (14336K kernel code, 2418K rwdata, 4944K rodata, 2304K init, 647K bss, 61184K reserved, 65536K cma-reserved)
[ 0.005326] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.007150] Enabled cp15_barrier support
[ 0.007159] Enabled setend support
[ 0.007202] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[ 0.007209] futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 2, 65536 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 0.007320] 2G module region forced by RANDOMIZE_MODULE_REGION_FULL
[ 0.007323] 0 pages in range for non-PLT usage
[ 0.007324] 129508 pages in range for PLT usage
[ 0.007407] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[ 0.007531] DMI not present or invalid.
[ 0.010182] NET: Registered PF_NETLINK/PF_ROUTE protocol family
[ 0.010521] DMA: preallocated 1024 KiB GFP_KERNEL pool for atomic allocations
[ 0.010552] DMA: preallocated 1024 KiB GFP_KERNEL|GFP_DMA pool for atomic allocations
[ 0.010583] DMA: preallocated 1024 KiB GFP_KERNEL|GFP_DMA32 pool for atomic allocations
[ 0.010599] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)
[ 0.010641] audit: type=2000 audit(0.008:1): state=initialized audit_enabled=0 res=1
[ 0.010749] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise'
[ 0.010758] cpuidle: using governor menu
[ 0.010809] hw-breakpoint: found 6 breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers.
[ 0.010832] ASID allocator initialised with 32768 entries
[ 0.011043] Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver
[ 0.011758] /soc@107c000000/interrupt-controller@7fff9000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with /soc@107c000000/interrupt-controller@7fff9000
[ 0.011915] bcm2835-mbox 107c013880.mailbox: mailbox enabled
[ 0.012042] 107d001000.serial: ttyAMA10 at MMIO 0x107d001000 (irq = 16, base_baud = 0) is a PL011 rev3
[ 0.012053] printk: legacy console [ttyAMA10] enabled
[ 1.040045] raspberrypi-firmware soc@107c000000:firmware: Attached to firmware from 2026-01-21T13:38:47, variant start_cd
[ 1.055055] raspberrypi-firmware soc@107c000000:firmware: Firmware hash is ab8a9dde00000000000000000000000000000000
[ 1.074006] bcm2835-dma 1000010000.dma: DMA legacy API manager, dmachans=0x1
[ 1.081336] iommu: Default domain type: Translated
[ 1.086173] iommu: DMA domain TLB invalidation policy: strict mode
[ 1.099149] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 1.102938] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 1.108450] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 1.113786] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 1.118923] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[ 1.123905] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it>
[ 1.133077] PTP clock support registered
[ 1.137257] vgaarb: loaded
[ 1.140044] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter
[ 1.250867] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[ 1.254811] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order 0, 16384 bytes)
[ 1.263060] NET: Registered PF_INET protocol family
[ 1.268048] IP idents hash table entries: 65536 (order: 5, 524288 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.276440] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 32768 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.285119] Table-perturb hash table entries: 65536 (order: 4, 262144 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.293032] TCP established hash table entries: 32768 (order: 4, 262144 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.301179] TCP bind hash table entries: 32768 (order: 6, 1048576 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.309018] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 32768 bind 32768)
[ 1.315648] MPTCP token hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 98304 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.323190] UDP hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 65536 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.330039] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 65536 bytes, vmalloc)
[ 1.337357] NET: Registered PF_UNIX/PF_LOCAL protocol family
[ 1.343161] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[ 1.349105] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[ 1.353823] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[ 1.358540] RPC: Registered tcp-with-tls transport module.
[ 1.364046] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[ 1.370513] PCI: CLS 0 bytes, default 64
[ 1.374516] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
[ 1.381050] kvm [1]: nv: 554 coarse grained trap handlers
[ 1.386586] kvm [1]: IPA Size Limit: 40 bits
[ 1.390886] kvm [1]: GICV region size/alignment is unsafe, using trapping (reduced performance)
[ 1.399671] kvm [1]: vgic interrupt IRQ9
[ 1.403622] kvm [1]: VHE mode initialized successfully
[ 1.416357] Initialise system trusted keyrings
[ 1.421027] workingset: timestamp_bits=42 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
[ 1.427863] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
[ 1.432957] Key type id_resolver registered
[ 1.437156] Key type id_legacy registered
[ 1.441217] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering...
[ 1.447950] nfs4flexfilelayout_init: NFSv4 Flexfile Layout Driver Registering...
[ 1.455621] Key type asymmetric registered
[ 1.459746] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered
[ 1.464694] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 247)
[ 1.472186] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 1.476766] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 1.481003] io scheduler bfq registered
[ 1.483449] Freeing initrd memory: 15616K
[ 1.489292] irq_brcmstb_l2: registered L2 intc (/soc@107c000000/interrupt-controller@7d510600, parent irq: 27)
[ 1.499384] irq_brcmstb_l2: registered L2 intc (/soc@107c000000/interrupt-controller@7c502000, parent irq: 28)
[ 1.509455] irq_brcmstb_l2: registered L2 intc (/soc@107c000000/intc@7d508380, parent irq: 29)
[ 1.518139] irq_brcmstb_l2: registered L2 intc (/soc@107c000000/intc@7d508400, parent irq: 30)
[ 1.526812] irq_brcmstb_l2: registered L2 intc (/soc@107c000000/intc@7d503000, parent irq: 31)
[ 1.536472] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[ 1.573307] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 1 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[ 1.579869] 107d50c000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x107d50c000 (irq = 33, base_baud = 6000000) is a Broadcom BCM7271 UART
[ 1.590472] serial serial0: tty port ttyS0 registered
[ 1.595771] iproc-rng200 107d208000.rng: hwrng registered
[ 1.601219] vc-mem: phys_addr:0x00000000 mem_base=0x3fc00000 mem_size:0x40000000(1024 MiB)
[ 1.609696] bcm2712-iommu-cache 1000005b00.iommuc: bcm2712_iommu_cache_probe
[ 1.618041] brd: module loaded
[ 1.621930] loop: module loaded
[ 1.625165] bcm2835-power bcm2835-power: Broadcom BCM2835 power domains driver
[ 1.632528] Loading iSCSI transport class v2.0-870.
[ 1.638084] usbcore: registered new interface driver lan78xx
[ 1.643775] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc95xx
[ 1.649588] dwc_otg: version 3.00a 10-AUG-2012 (platform bus)
[ 1.655367] dwc_otg: FIQ enabled
[ 1.655369] dwc_otg: NAK holdoff enabled
[ 1.655370] dwc_otg: FIQ split-transaction FSM enabled
[ 1.655372] Module dwc_common_port init
[ 1.655560] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[ 1.660898] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 1.666991] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 1.680251] rpi-rtc soc@107c000000:rpi_rtc: registered as rtc0
[ 1.687507] rpi-rtc soc@107c000000:rpi_rtc: setting system clock to 2026-03-16T01:29:25 UTC (1773624565)
[ 1.697305] bcm2835-wdt bcm2835-wdt: Poweroff handler already present!
[ 1.703860] bcm2835-wdt bcm2835-wdt: Broadcom BCM2835 watchdog timer
[ 1.712270] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
[ 1.718475] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
[ 1.722871] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper
[ 1.728609] SMCCC: SOC_ID: ARCH_SOC_ID not implemented, skipping ....
[ 1.735093] hid: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina
[ 1.740269] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 1.745860] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 1.749960] hw perfevents: enabled with armv8_cortex_a76 PMU driver, 7 (0,8000003f) counters available
[ 1.759510] NET: Registered PF_PACKET protocol family
[ 1.764600] Key type dns_resolver registered
[ 1.772264] registered taskstats version 1
[ 1.776433] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates
[ 1.782629] Demotion targets for Node 0: null
[ 1.787001] Demotion targets for Node 1: null
[ 1.791370] Demotion targets for Node 2: null
[ 1.795994] Demotion targets for Node 3: null
[ 1.800366] Demotion targets for Node 4: null
[ 1.804734] Demotion targets for Node 5: null
[ 1.809104] Demotion targets for Node 6: null
[ 1.813479] Demotion targets for Node 7: null
[ 1.818041] Key type .fscrypt registered
[ 1.821976] Key type fscrypt-provisioning registered
[ 1.827851] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: host bridge /axi/pcie@1000120000 ranges:
[ 1.835204] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: No bus range found for /axi/pcie@1000120000, using [bus 00-ff]
[ 1.844650] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: MEM 0x1f00000000..0x1ffffffffb -> 0x0000000000
[ 1.852952] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: MEM 0x1c00000000..0x1effffffff -> 0x0400000000
[ 1.861254] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: IB MEM 0x1f00000000..0x1f003fffff -> 0x0000000000
[ 1.869555] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: IB MEM 0x0000000000..0x0fffffffff -> 0x1000000000
[ 1.877855] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: IB MEM 0x1000130000..0x1000130fff -> 0xfffffff000
[ 1.887476] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: PCI host bridge to bus 0002:00
[ 1.893946] pci_bus 0002:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
[ 1.899452] pci_bus 0002:00: root bus resource [mem 0x1f00000000-0x1ffffffffb] (bus address [0x00000000-0xfffffffb])
[ 1.910020] pci_bus 0002:00: root bus resource [mem 0x1c00000000-0x1effffffff pref] (bus address [0x400000000-0x6ffffffff])
[ 1.921207] pci 0002:00:00.0: [14e4:2712] type 01 class 0x060400 PCIe Root Port
[ 1.928549] pci 0002:00:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 00]
[ 1.933530] pci 0002:00:00.0: bridge window [mem 0x1f80000000-0x1fbfffffff]
[ 1.940707] pci 0002:00:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D3hot
[ 1.946760] pci 0002:00:00.0: bridge configuration invalid ([bus 00-00]), reconfiguring
[ 2.056049] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: clkreq-mode set to default
[ 2.062165] brcm-pcie 1000120000.pcie: link up, 5.0 GT/s PCIe x4 (!SSC)
[ 2.068822] pci 0002:01:00.0: [1de4:0001] type 00 class 0x020000 PCIe Endpoint
[ 2.076083] pci 0002:01:00.0: BAR 0 [mem 0xffffc000-0xffffffff]
[ 2.082027] pci 0002:01:00.0: BAR 1 [mem 0xffc00000-0xffffffff]
[ 2.087971] pci 0002:01:00.0: BAR 2 [mem 0xffff0000-0xffffffff]
[ 2.093971] pci 0002:01:00.0: supports D1
[ 2.097991] pci 0002:01:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D3hot D3cold
[ 2.112060] pci_bus 0002:01: busn_res: [bus 01-ff] end is updated to 01
[ 2.118706] pci 0002:00:00.0: bridge window [mem 0x1f00000000-0x1f005fffff]: assigned
[ 2.126583] pci 0002:01:00.0: BAR 1 [mem 0x1f00000000-0x1f003fffff]: assigned
[ 2.133748] pci 0002:01:00.0: BAR 2 [mem 0x1f00400000-0x1f0040ffff]: assigned
[ 2.140912] pci 0002:01:00.0: BAR 0 [mem 0x1f00410000-0x1f00413fff]: assigned
[ 2.148076] pci 0002:00:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01]
[ 2.153057] pci 0002:00:00.0: bridge window [mem 0x1f00000000-0x1f005fffff]
[ 2.160219] pci_bus 0002:00: resource 4 [mem 0x1f00000000-0x1ffffffffb]
[ 2.166858] pci_bus 0002:00: resource 5 [mem 0x1c00000000-0x1effffffff pref]
[ 2.173933] pci_bus 0002:01: resource 1 [mem 0x1f00000000-0x1f005fffff]
[ 2.180572] pci 0002:00:00.0: Max Payload Size set to 256/ 512 (was 128), Max Read Rq 512
[ 2.189049] pci 0002:01:00.0: Max Payload Size set to 256/ 256 (was 128), Max Read Rq 512
[ 2.197573] pcieport 0002:00:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 2.203715] pcieport 0002:00:00.0: PME: Signaling with IRQ 38
[ 2.209523] pcieport 0002:00:00.0: AER: enabled with IRQ 38
[ 2.215172] rp1 0002:01:00.0: bar0 len 0x4000, start 0x1f00410000, end 0x1f00413fff, flags, 0x40200
[ 2.224259] rp1 0002:01:00.0: bar1 len 0x400000, start 0x1f00000000, end 0x1f003fffff, flags, 0x40200
[ 2.233527] rp1 0002:01:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 2.239798] rp1 0002:01:00.0: chip_id 0x20001927
[ 2.249134] bcm2712-iommu 1000005100.iommu: bcm2712_iommu_init: DEBUG_INFO = 0x20804774
[ 2.257526] bcm2712-iommu 1000005100.iommu: bcm2712_iommu_probe: Success
[ 2.264645] bcm2712-iommu 1000005200.iommu: bcm2712_iommu_init: DEBUG_INFO = 0x20804774
[ 2.273024] bcm2712-iommu 1000005200.iommu: bcm2712_iommu_probe: Success
[ 2.280145] bcm2712-iommu 1000005280.iommu: bcm2712_iommu_init: DEBUG_INFO = 0x20804774
[ 2.288527] bcm2712-iommu 1000005280.iommu: bcm2712_iommu_probe: Success
[ 2.295392] sdhci-brcmstb 1000fff000.mmc: Got CD GPIO
[ 2.300561] mmc0: CQHCI version 5.10
[ 2.300777] genirq: irq_chip rp1_irq_chip did not update eff. affinity mask of irq 100
[ 2.304366] mmc1: CQHCI version 5.10
[ 2.327337] macb 1f00100000.ethernet eth0: Cadence GEM rev 0x00070109 at 0x1f00100000 irq 106 (88:a2:9e:bf:5c:4c)
[ 2.338379] dw_axi_dmac_platform 1f00188000.dma: DesignWare AXI DMA Controller, 8 channels
[ 2.346891] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.351966] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[ 2.351975] mmc0: SDHCI controller on 1000fff000.mmc [1000fff000.mmc] using ADMA 64-bit
[ 2.359648] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0: hcc params 0x0240fe6d hci version 0x110 quirks 0x0000808000000810
[ 2.376256] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0: irq 131, io mem 0x1f00200000
[ 2.382080] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.387148] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[ 2.394398] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0: Host supports USB 3.0 SuperSpeed
[ 2.400552] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 6.12
[ 2.408853] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 2.416106] usb usb1: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.420999] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 6.12.47+rpt-rpi-2712 xhci-hcd
[ 2.427637] usb usb1: SerialNumber: xhci-hcd.0
[ 2.432190] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 2.435958] hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
[ 2.440080] usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003, bcdDevice= 6.12
[ 2.448383] usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 2.455633] usb usb2: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.460544] usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 6.12.47+rpt-rpi-2712 xhci-hcd
[ 2.467242] usb usb2: SerialNumber: xhci-hcd.0
[ 2.471091] mmc0: new ultra high speed SDR104 SDXC card at address aaaa
[ 2.471765] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 2.478489] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SN64G 59.5 GiB
[ 2.482146] hub 2-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[ 2.487440] mmcblk0: p1 p2
[ 2.490688] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.1: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.493263] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SN64G 59.5 GiB (quirks 0x00004000)
[ 2.498278] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
[ 2.512075] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.1: hcc params 0x0240fe6d hci version 0x110 quirks 0x0000808000000810
[ 2.516921] mmc1: SDHCI controller on 1001100000.mmc [1001100000.mmc] using ADMA 64-bit
[ 2.521088] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.1: irq 136, io mem 0x1f00300000
[ 2.535003] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.1: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.540073] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
[ 2.547325] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.1: Host supports USB 3.0 SuperSpeed
[ 2.553469] usb usb3: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 6.12
[ 2.560551] mmc1: new ultra high speed DDR50 SDIO card at address 0001
[ 2.561770] usb usb3: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 2.575568] usb usb3: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.580462] usb usb3: Manufacturer: Linux 6.12.47+rpt-rpi-2712 xhci-hcd
[ 2.587101] usb usb3: SerialNumber: xhci-hcd.1
[ 2.591632] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 2.595410] hub 3-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
[ 2.599592] usb usb4: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003, bcdDevice= 6.12
[ 2.607903] usb usb4: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 2.615169] usb usb4: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 2.620110] usb usb4: Manufacturer: Linux 6.12.47+rpt-rpi-2712 xhci-hcd
[ 2.626802] usb usb4: SerialNumber: xhci-hcd.1
[ 2.631328] hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 2.635115] hub 4-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[ 2.639496] of_cfs_init
[ 2.641973] of_cfs_init: OK
[ 2.644838] clk: Disabling unused clocks
[ 2.657716] PM: genpd: Disabling unused power domains
[ 2.664013] Freeing unused kernel memory: 2304K
[ 2.668634] Run /init as init process
[ 2.672426] with arguments:
[ 2.672427] /init
[ 2.672428] with environment:
[ 2.672429] HOME=/
[ 2.672430] TERM=linux
[ 2.774334] input: pwr_button as /devices/platform/pwr_button/input/input0
[ 2.785420] brcmstb-i2c 107d508200.i2c: @97500hz registered in interrupt mode
[ 2.796597] brcmstb-i2c 107d508280.i2c: @97500hz registered in interrupt mode
[ 3.001328] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): orphan cleanup on readonly fs
[ 3.007415] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem 21724cc6-e5a3-48a1-8643-7917dba3a9fb ro with ordered data mode. Quota mode: none.
[ 3.281709] NET: Registered PF_INET6 protocol family
[ 3.287001] Segment Routing with IPv6
[ 3.290687] In-situ OAM (IOAM) with IPv6
[ 3.325593] systemd[1]: systemd 257.9-1~deb13u1 running in system mode (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +APPARMOR +IMA +IPE +SMACK +SECCOMP +GCRYPT -GNUTLS +OPENSSL +ACL +BLKID +CURL +ELFUTILS +FIDO2 +IDN2 -IDN +IPTC +KMOD +LIBCRYPTSETUP +LIBCRYPTSETUP_PLUGINS +LIBFDISK +PCRE2 +PWQUALITY +P11KIT +QRENCODE +TPM2 +BZIP2 +LZ4 +XZ +ZLIB +ZSTD +BPF_FRAMEWORK +BTF -XKBCOMMON -UTMP +SYSVINIT +LIBARCHIVE)
[ 3.360007] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm64.
[ 3.370887] systemd[1]: Hostname set to <cw-raspberrypi>.
[ 3.475460] systemd[1]: bpf-restrict-fs: BPF LSM hook not enabled in the kernel, BPF LSM not supported.
[ 3.485040] systemd[1]: Using hardware watchdog 'Broadcom BCM2835 Watchdog timer', version 0, device /dev/watchdog0
[ 3.495536] systemd[1]: Watchdog running with a hardware timeout of 1min.
[ 3.567918] zram_generator::config[233]: zram0: system has too much memory (4049MB), limit is 0MB, ignoring.
[ 4.014730] systemd[1]: Queued start job for default target multi-user.target.
[ 4.052860] systemd[1]: Created slice system-getty.slice - Slice /system/getty.
[ 4.060540] systemd[1]: Created slice system-modprobe.slice - Slice /system/modprobe.
[ 4.068654] systemd[1]: Created slice system-rpi\x2dsetup\x2dloop.slice - Slice /system/rpi-setup-loop.
[ 4.078333] systemd[1]: Created slice system-serial\x2dgetty.slice - Slice /system/serial-getty.
[ 4.087401] systemd[1]: Created slice system-systemd\x2dfsck.slice - Slice /system/systemd-fsck.
[ 4.096463] systemd[1]: Created slice system-systemd\x2dzram\x2dsetup.slice - Slice /system/systemd-zram-setup.
[ 4.106741] systemd[1]: Created slice user.slice - User and Session Slice.
[ 4.113729] systemd[1]: Started systemd-ask-password-console.path - Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
[ 4.124892] systemd[1]: Started systemd-ask-password-wall.path - Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[ 4.135551] systemd[1]: Set up automount proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount - Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
[ 4.148181] systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-be722d08\x2d01.device - /dev/disk/by-partuuid/be722d08-01...
[ 4.159569] systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-ttyAMA10.device - /dev/ttyAMA10...
[ 4.166939] systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-zram0.device - /dev/zram0...
[ 4.173829] systemd[1]: Reached target paths.target - Path Units.
[ 4.179987] systemd[1]: Reached target remote-fs.target - Remote File Systems.
[ 4.187273] systemd[1]: Reached target slices.target - Slice Units.
[ 4.194750] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-creds.socket - Credential Encryption/Decryption.
[ 4.203420] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-initctl.socket - initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
[ 4.212263] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-journald-dev-log.socket - Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[ 4.221284] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-journald.socket - Journal Sockets.
[ 4.228680] systemd[1]: systemd-pcrextend.socket - TPM PCR Measurements was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki).
[ 4.242494] systemd[1]: systemd-pcrlock.socket - Make TPM PCR Policy was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki).
[ 4.256099] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-udevd-control.socket - udev Control Socket.
[ 4.264314] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-udevd-kernel.socket - udev Kernel Socket.
[ 4.272398] systemd[1]: dev-hugepages.mount - Huge Pages File System was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionPathExists=/sys/kernel/mm/hugepages).
[ 4.288411] systemd[1]: Mounting dev-mqueue.mount - POSIX Message Queue File System...
[ 4.332211] systemd[1]: Mounting run-lock.mount - Legacy Locks Directory /run/lock...
[ 4.340819] systemd[1]: Mounting sys-kernel-debug.mount - Kernel Debug File System...
[ 4.349417] systemd[1]: Mounting sys-kernel-tracing.mount - Kernel Trace File System...
[ 4.358455] systemd[1]: Starting keyboard-setup.service - Set the console keyboard layout...
[ 4.367884] systemd[1]: Starting kmod-static-nodes.service - Create List of Static Device Nodes...
[ 4.377814] systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@configfs.service - Load Kernel Module configfs...
[ 4.387388] systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@drm.service - Load Kernel Module drm...
[ 4.396148] systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@efi_pstore.service - Load Kernel Module efi_pstore...
[ 4.406190] systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@fuse.service - Load Kernel Module fuse...
[ 4.414069] systemd[1]: systemd-fsck-root.service - File System Check on Root Device was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionPathExists=!/run/initramfs/fsck-root).
[ 4.430429] systemd[1]: systemd-hibernate-clear.service - Clear Stale Hibernate Storage Info was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionPathExists=/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/HibernateLocation-8cf2644b-4b0b-428f-9387-6d876050dc67).
[ 4.432695] fuse: init (API version 7.41)
[ 4.456943] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-journald.service - Journal Service...
[ 4.465950] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-modules-load.service - Load Kernel Modules...
[ 4.474047] systemd[1]: systemd-pcrmachine.service - TPM PCR Machine ID Measurement was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki).
[ 4.489803] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-remount-fs.service - Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...
[ 4.499250] systemd[1]: systemd-tpm2-setup-early.service - Early TPM SRK Setup was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki).
[ 4.499464] zram: Added device: zram0
[ 4.514537] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-udev-load-credentials.service - Load udev Rules from Credentials...
[ 4.527380] i2c_dev: i2c /dev entries driver
[ 4.532235] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-udev-trigger.service - Coldplug All udev Devices...
[ 4.542669] systemd[1]: Mounted dev-mqueue.mount - POSIX Message Queue File System.
[ 4.547229] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted 21724cc6-e5a3-48a1-8643-7917dba3a9fb r/w.
[ 4.559144] systemd[1]: Mounted run-lock.mount - Legacy Locks Directory /run/lock.
[ 4.566132] systemd-journald[318]: Collecting audit messages is disabled.
[ 4.573854] systemd[1]: Mounted sys-kernel-debug.mount - Kernel Debug File System.
[ 4.581640] systemd[1]: Mounted sys-kernel-tracing.mount - Kernel Trace File System.
[ 4.589662] systemd[1]: Finished keyboard-setup.service - Set the console keyboard layout.
[ 4.598216] systemd[1]: Started systemd-journald.service - Journal Service.
[ 4.668257] systemd-journald[318]: Received client request to flush runtime journal.
[ 4.781167] loop0: detected capacity change from 0 to 4194304
[ 4.905625] zram: setup backing device /dev/disk/by-backingfile/var-swap
[ 4.907384] zram0: detected capacity change from 0 to 4194304
[ 4.999805] Adding 2097136k swap on /dev/zram0. Priority:100 extents:1 across:2097136k SS
[ 5.011758] rpi-gpiomem 107d508500.gpiomem: window base 0x107d508500 size 0x00000040
[ 5.017406] rpi-gpiomem 107d508500.gpiomem: initialised 1 regions as /dev/gpiomem1
[ 5.017670] rpi-gpiomem 107d517c00.gpiomem: window base 0x107d517c00 size 0x00000040
[ 5.017917] rpi-gpiomem 107d517c00.gpiomem: initialised 1 regions as /dev/gpiomem2
[ 5.018517] rp1-firmware rp1_firmware: RP1 Firmware version 23fca1cd776798b50bd3e640ecb242215778e7f8
[ 5.019035] rpi-gpiomem 107d504100.gpiomem: window base 0x107d504100 size 0x00000020
[ 5.022072] rpi-gpiomem 107d504100.gpiomem: initialised 1 regions as /dev/gpiomem3
[ 5.032526] rpi-gpiomem 107d510700.gpiomem: window base 0x107d510700 size 0x00000020
[ 5.041643] rpi-gpiomem 107d510700.gpiomem: initialised 1 regions as /dev/gpiomem4
[ 5.043778] rpi-gpiomem 1f000d0000.gpiomem: window base 0x1f000d0000 size 0x00030000
[ 5.050261] rpi-gpiomem 1f000d0000.gpiomem: initialised 1 regions as /dev/gpiomem0
[ 5.055049] rp1-pio 1f00178000.pio: Created instance as pio0
[ 5.071942] mc: Linux media interface: v0.10
[ 5.137831] videodev: Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[ 5.142769] cfg80211: Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates for regulatory database
[ 5.150932] Loaded X.509 cert 'benh@debian.org: 577e021cb980e0e820821ba7b54b4961b8b4fadf'
[ 5.151138] Loaded X.509 cert 'romain.perier@gmail.com: 3abbc6ec146e09d1b6016ab9d6cf71dd233f0328'
[ 5.151325] Loaded X.509 cert 'sforshee: 00b28ddf47aef9cea7'
[ 5.151510] Loaded X.509 cert 'wens: 61c038651aabdcf94bd0ac7ff06c7248db18c600'
[ 5.169643] pispbe 1000880000.pisp_be: bcm2712_iommu_of_xlate: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.169656] pispbe 1000880000.pisp_be: bcm2712_iommu_probe_device: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.169662] pispbe 1000880000.pisp_be: bcm2712_iommu_device_group: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.169668] pispbe 1000880000.pisp_be: Adding to iommu group 0
[ 5.169672] pispbe 1000880000.pisp_be: bcm2712_iommu_attach_dev: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.179392] brcmfmac: F1 signature read @0x18000000=0x15264345
[ 5.180572] rpi-hevc-dec 1000800000.codec: bcm2712_iommu_of_xlate: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.180582] rpi-hevc-dec 1000800000.codec: bcm2712_iommu_probe_device: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.180592] rpi-hevc-dec 1000800000.codec: bcm2712_iommu_device_group: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.180599] rpi-hevc-dec 1000800000.codec: Adding to iommu group 0
[ 5.180602] rpi-hevc-dec 1000800000.codec: bcm2712_iommu_attach_dev: MMU 1000005100.iommu
[ 5.181775] brcmfmac: brcmf_fw_alloc_request: using brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio for chip BCM4345/6
[ 5.187840] v3d 1002000000.v3d: [drm] Transparent Hugepage support is recommended for optimal performance on this platform!
[ 5.188818] rpi-hevc-dec 1000800000.codec: Device registered as /dev/video19
[ 5.189810] usbcore: registered new interface driver brcmfmac
[ 5.194139] [drm] Initialized v3d 1.0.0 for 1002000000.v3d on minor 0
[ 5.267709] vc4_hvs 107c580000.hvs: bcm2712_iommu_of_xlate: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.267719] vc4_hvs 107c580000.hvs: bcm2712_iommu_probe_device: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.267725] vc4_hvs 107c580000.hvs: bcm2712_iommu_device_group: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.267731] vc4_hvs 107c580000.hvs: Adding to iommu group 1
[ 5.267737] vc4_hvs 107c580000.hvs: bcm2712_iommu_attach_dev: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.272641] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bcm2712_iommu_of_xlate: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.272651] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bcm2712_iommu_probe_device: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.272657] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bcm2712_iommu_device_group: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.272664] vc4-drm axi:gpu: Adding to iommu group 1
[ 5.272670] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bcm2712_iommu_attach_dev: MMU 1000005200.iommu
[ 5.275290] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bound 107c580000.hvs (ops vc4_hvs_ops [vc4])
[ 5.278896] Registered IR keymap rc-cec
[ 5.278967] rc rc0: vc4-hdmi-0 as /devices/platform/soc@107c000000/107c701400.hdmi/rc/rc0
[ 5.279022] input: vc4-hdmi-0 as /devices/platform/soc@107c000000/107c701400.hdmi/rc/rc0/input1
[ 5.279718] input: vc4-hdmi-0 HDMI Jack as /devices/platform/soc@107c000000/107c701400.hdmi/sound/card0/input2
[ 5.280739] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bound 107c701400.hdmi (ops vc4_hdmi_ops [vc4])
[ 5.282195] Registered IR keymap rc-cec
[ 5.282243] rc rc1: vc4-hdmi-1 as /devices/platform/soc@107c000000/107c706400.hdmi/rc/rc1
[ 5.282288] input: vc4-hdmi-1 as /devices/platform/soc@107c000000/107c706400.hdmi/rc/rc1/input3
[ 5.284828] input: vc4-hdmi-1 HDMI Jack as /devices/platform/soc@107c000000/107c706400.hdmi/sound/card1/input4
[ 5.285078] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[ 5.285098] NET: Registered PF_BLUETOOTH protocol family
[ 5.285100] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[ 5.285104] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[ 5.285107] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[ 5.285112] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[ 5.285837] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bound 107c706400.hdmi (ops vc4_hdmi_ops [vc4])
[ 5.285968] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bound 107c500000.mop (ops vc4_txp_ops [vc4])
[ 5.286037] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bound 107c501000.moplet (ops vc4_txp_ops [vc4])
[ 5.286098] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bound 107c410000.pixelvalve (ops vc4_crtc_ops [vc4])
[ 5.286157] vc4-drm axi:gpu: bound 107c411000.pixelvalve (ops vc4_crtc_ops [vc4])
[ 5.290556] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.3
[ 5.290565] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol H4 registered
[ 5.290591] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Three-wire (H5) registered
[ 5.292508] hci_uart_bcm serial0-0: supply vbat not found, using dummy regulator
[ 5.292557] hci_uart_bcm serial0-0: supply vddio not found, using dummy regulator
[ 5.293825] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Broadcom registered
[ 5.295238] [drm] Initialized vc4 0.0.0 for axi:gpu on minor 1
[ 5.300589] vc4-drm axi:gpu: [drm] Cannot find any crtc or sizes
[ 5.304159] vc4-drm axi:gpu: [drm] Cannot find any crtc or sizes
[ 5.307853] vc4-drm axi:gpu: [drm] Cannot find any crtc or sizes
[ 5.524465] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_process_txcap_blob: no txcap_blob available (err=-2)
[ 5.524717] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: Firmware: BCM4345/6 wl0: Aug 29 2023 01:47:08 version 7.45.265 (28bca26 CY) FWID 01-b677b91b
[ 5.628463] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: chip id 107
[ 5.628669] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: features 0x2f
[ 5.629708] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM4345C0
[ 5.629710] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM4345C0 (003.001.025) build 0000
[ 5.630733] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM4345C0 'brcm/BCM4345C0.raspberrypi,5-model-b.hcd' Patch
[ 6.329750] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: features 0x2f
[ 6.331143] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM43455 37.4MHz Raspberry Pi 3+-0190
[ 6.331152] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM4345C0 (003.001.025) build 0382
[ 6.331535] Bluetooth: hci0: BCM: Using default device address (43:45:c0:00:1f:ac)
[ 6.337951] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[ 6.337958] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[ 6.337964] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
[ 6.350553] Bluetooth: MGMT ver 1.23
[ 6.354797] NET: Registered PF_ALG protocol family
[ 6.387470] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[ 6.387483] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[ 6.387491] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
[ 8.642351] macb 1f00100000.ethernet eth0: PHY [1f00100000.ethernet-ffffffff:01] driver [Broadcom BCM54213PE] (irq=POLL)
[ 8.642358] macb 1f00100000.ethernet eth0: configuring for phy/rgmii-id link mode
[ 8.645237] macb 1f00100000.ethernet: gem-ptp-timer ptp clock registered.
[ 8.652895] brcmfmac: brcmf_cfg80211_set_power_mgmt: power save enabled